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Yeast mitochondrial code

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The yeast mitochondrial code (translation table 3) is a genetic code used by the mitochondrial genome of yeasts, notably Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabrata, Hansenula saturnus, and Kluyveromyces thermotolerans.[1]

The code

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   AAs = FFLLSSSSYY**CCWWTTTTPPPPHHQQRRRRIIMMTTTTNNKKSSRRVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG
Starts = ---M---------------M---------------M---------------M------------
 Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
 Base2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG
 Base3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG

Bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) or uracil (U).

Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), Valine (Val, V).

Differences from the standard code

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DNA codons RNA codons This code (3) Standard code (1)
ATA AUA Met (M) Ile (I)
CTT CUU Thr (T) Leu (L)
CTC CUC Thr (T) Leu (L)
CTA CUA Thr (T) Leu (L)
CTG CUG Thr (T) Leu (L)
TGA UGA Trp (W) STOP = Ter (*)
CGA CGA Absent Arg (R)
CGC CGC Absent Arg (R)

See also

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References

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. [3]

  1. ^ Clark-Walker, G. D.; Weiller, G. F. (1994). "The structure of the small mitochondrial DNA of Kluyveromyces thermotolerans is likely to reflect the ancestral gene order in fungi". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 38 (6): 593–601. Bibcode:1994JMolE..38..593C. doi:10.1007/bf00175879. PMID 8083884. S2CID 10510397.
  2. ^ Susan G. Bonitz, Roberta Berlani, Gloria Coruzzi, May Li, Giuseppe Macino, Francisco G. Nobrega, Marina P. Nobrega, Arbara E. Thalenfeld and Alexander Tzagoloff (June 1980). "Codon recognition rules in yeast mitochondria" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 77 (6): 3167–3170. Bibcode:1980PNAS...77.3167B. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.6.3167. PMC 349575. PMID 6997870.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Elzanowski A, Ostell J, Leipe D, Soussov V. "The Genetic Codes". Taxonomy browser. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 30 April 2015.